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Hee Il Cho
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Cho Hee Il (born October 13, 1940) is a prominent Korean-American master of taekwondo, holding the rank of 9th ''dan'' in the martial art.〔(Action International Martial Arts Association: Grandmaster Hee Il Cho ) Retrieved on 27 January 2010.〕 He has written 11 martial art books, produced 70 martial art training videos, and has appeared on more than 70 martial arts magazine covers.〔 Cho won several national and international competitions as a taekwondo competitor, and has appeared in several films, including ''Fight to Win'', ''Best of the Best'', ''Bloodsport II'', and ''Bloodsport III''.〔 He founded the Action International Martial Arts Association (AIMAA) in 1980,〔(Action International Martial Arts Association ) Retrieved on 27 January 2010.〕 and is its President. Cho is a member of both ''Black Belt'' magazine's Hall of Fame〔〔(Inverclyde Cho's Taekwondo: About Grandmaster Cho ) Retrieved on 27 January 2010.〕 and ''Tae Kwon Do Times'' magazine's Hall of Fame.〔
==Early life==
Cho was born in Pohang,〔Kahele, R. (c. 2006): (Grandmaster Flash ) ''Hana Hou! The magazine of Hawaiian Airlines'' (c. 2006). Retrieved on 27 January 2010.〕 Korea, on 13 October 1940,〔(CompleteMartialArts.com: Hee Il Cho ) Retrieved on 30 January 2010.〕〔(Internet Movie Database: Master Hee Il Cho ) Retrieved on 27 January 2010.〕 during the period of Japanese occupation. He was the eldest of three brothers.〔Fraguas, J. (c. 1990): (Taekwondo’s Hee II Cho values the stability of tradition, but recognizes the need to move forward ) Retrieved on 30 January 2010.〕 He began training in the martial arts when he was around 10 years old.〔Young, R. W. (c. 2007): (Hee Il Cho: The martial arts were different then ) ''Black Belt'' (archive). Retrieved on 27 January 2010.〕 In an interview, he commented on his childhood in Pohang, Korea: "Although they were not really gang members, young people used to roam from town to town and beat up kids and take away their toys. One time, I was beaten up by some boys around 12 or 13 years old. At the time I thought it was pretty bad, so I wanted to protect myself."〔 Cho attained the rank of 1st ''dan'' black belt by the age of 13,〔 and had reached 4th ''dan'' by the age of 21.〔 In addition to taekwondo, he also trained in boxing for two years.〔Cho, H. I. (1981): ''The complete martial artist'' (Vol. 1). Los Angeles: Author (ISBN 0-929015-06-1).〕
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